Natural Vegetation of China

                                     Natural Vegetation of China                         

 By: Sabir Chdhry  

 There are more than 30,000 types of flora in China (about one-eighth of the total flora found in the world), which are basically found in China only. Forests are located on 21.2% of the total land area of ​​China. China is a huge country, which is spread over an area of ​​more than 95 lakh square km, the length of China from east to west is 5250 km and the length of China from north to south is 5500 km. The latitudinal extent of China is 18°N to 52°N and the longitudinal extent is 76°E to 134°E, due to which different types of ecosystems and climates are found in China. Some of the main climates include coastal climate, tropical climate, subtropical climate, desert climate and mountain climate.

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There are six forest regions in China. It includes North China, North East China, North West China, South Central China, South East China and South West China. Both the northeast and northwest regions have mountain and coniferous forests. Northeast China is one of the major forest regions of China. The cold-temperate deciduous coniferous forest region is located in northeast China, which also known as Taiga forest.

In Central and Southern China, 146,000 species of subtropical trees are found. South China experiences heavy rainfall and humidity, providing an ideal climate for the growth of bamboo and rice. In contrast, there is not much diversity of vegetation in northern China due to limited rainfall and lack of temperature. About 25% of the total vegetation found in China is found in tropical rain forests located in Yunnan State and Hainan Island.

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The main species of trees found in China are the following types

South China- Broad-leaved evergreen forests are found here, the main types of trees are as follows-

Camphor, Bamboo, Tallow, Tung, Coconut, Sandalwood, Rubber

South-Eastern China– Monsoon deciduous forests are found here, following are the main types of trees-

Sal, Teak, Mango, Ginkgo Biloba, Varnish Tree, Tallow, Plum, Chinaberry Tree, Chinese Chestnut, Weeping Willow, Dove Tree, Maple, Birch

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North-East China – Temperate evergreen forests are found here, the main types of trees are as follows-

Poplar, Elm, Ash, Chinese Pistache

High mountain region – Coniferous forests are found here, the main types of trees are as follows-

Pine, Cedar, Larch, Taiwania, Redwood

Grasslands: Grasslands are found in Inner Mongolia, Sikyang Province, Tibet, areas near the Gobi Desert and on the slopes of mountains. Grasslands are found on about 30% of the total area of ​​China.

Desert Vegetation and Shrubs - These are found in desert and semi-desert areas, such as Gobi desert, Ordos desert, Takla Makan desert, Shenshi and Shanshi provinces etc.

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 By: Sabir Chdhry  

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